Gingivitis and Periodontosis - Gum Diseases That Can be Prevented

Gum diseases, scientifically referred to as periodontal diseases, are chronic bacterial infections around the teeth that can lead to severe complications and tooth loss. This infection affects both the gums and the bones that support the teeth and can spread from one untreated tooth to the whole denture. Gingivitis This is the “softest” form of periodontal disease and it starts with the inflammation of the gums. Gingivitis is caused by the bacteria in plaque. The level of discomfort at this stage is barely noticeable if any, but, if left untreated, gingivitis can easily turn into perodontitis. Periodontitis If left untreated, gingivitis will advance to periodontitis, which is a more severe gum disease and causes physical discomfort. Improper oral hygiene causes the bacterial plaque to grow below the gums and irritate them. The chronic inflammatory response generated by the toxins eliminated by oral bacteria is a natural defensive reaction of the body which will ultimately turn against itself. The bone and tissue supporting the teeth will suffer corrosion and eventually be destroyed. The most common types of periodontitis are the following: -Chronic periodontisis – this disease manifests itself through inflammations of the supporting tissue and bone of the teeth with a progressive corrosion. This disease can occur to any individual, regardless of sex and older than 5. Progression is variable from case to case. -Aggressive periodontitis – patients do not manifest symptoms and are generally clinically healthy. Progression is very fast -Periodontitis caused by other systemic diseases – such cases occur mostly at young patients who have suffered from diabetes, respiratory disease or heart disease -Necrotizing periodontitis – periodontal ligament, gums and alveolar bone enter a stage of necrosis. This type of disorder is mostly associated with malnutrition, HIV and immunosuppression. How to prevent gum diseases The most effective method of prevention is to develop good dental hygiene habits. Dentists recommend patients to brush their teeth twice a day and floss once, but this is not the only piece of advice dental specialists offer. In order to perform a proper oral cleaning, one must choose an adequate toothbrush that does not injure gums and brush teeth for 2-3 minutes each morning and evening. For the outer surfaces of the teeth, dentists recommend brushing with short back-and-forth and then up and down movements. The junction space between teeth and gums must be cleaned with a 45 degree inclination of the toothbrush towards the teeth and inner surfaces should be cleaned by moving the toothbrush vertically. rnFlossing is also important although most people ignore it. And last but not least, periodical visits to the dentist will ensure a good health to anyone who wisher to prevent gum disease or any oral complication.