How to Test Matching and Compatibility is tested between the Donor and the Recipient?

During any organ transplantation, it is very required to check the compatibility between the donor and the recipient. Prior to any type of organ transplantation, these tests are done to check if the transplantation will not cause any harm to the reception afterwards. During liver transplantation, surgeons are more concerned with the matching of the blood types and the size of the liver of the donor in comparison with the recipient. Matching and compatibility test is important for making the transplantation program successful. If the organs do not match after the surgery then the person may have to undergo retransplant making the previous surgery meaningless.

• Matching the Blood Types: Blood type matching is the major thing in compatibility testing. Not all the blood group matches with every other group. Positive or negative really does not matter in case of organ transplant. But if the blood groups do not match then the body rejects the organ transplanted and infection occurs which is fatal to the recipient. Blood group O is considered to be the 'universal donor' that means it can donate to any blood group and blood group 'AB' is considered to be the 'universal recipient' that means it can accept from any blood group.

• Tissue Grafting: If the blood groups match then the surgeons go for tissue typing or tissue grafting. This process is done by taking some tissues from both the donor and recipient check their compatibility. This test identifies six codes namely human leukocyte antigens or HLA which further checks the compatibility between the donor and recipient. The total Liver Transplant cost in india mainly includes the cost of the pre-surgical and the post-surgical tests. These tests are very important prior to surgery to check the compatibility and also the risk factors after surgery.

In case of cadaver donor also these tests are required but here one major problem is time. When a person is brain dead, the organs can be kept alive by using artificial means or ventilation but for a certain time. The organ transplantation should be done in that specific time in which the organ will stay viable. A donor can be anyone who has experienced brain hemorrhage due to accident or any other reason. In case of a live donor, a part of the liver is taken from the donor and implanted the part in the recipient's liver. The liver has a unique capacity of regeneration and that is why only a part of the liver is enough to grow into a fully functioning liver.

Conclusion: Liver transplant is an excellent procedure to save the life of a dying person by just giving a part of the liver. The person who is donating the part of the liver must understand the full procedure, the risks associated with it and other factors. The risks associated with the surgery may be fatal and costs a lot of money. So the donor needs to be prepared for all of that and also need a lot of support from close people.