Relationship Between Intelligence And Psychology

One of the factors that influence the speed and ability of a person to do a task or work is the intelligence factor. There are people who can do their work quickly and in a short time, there are also people who do their work slowly and take a long time. All that is determined by the level of intelligence that each person has. Intelligence is known by some people as intelligence, intelligence, ingenuity, intelligence and many other terms that generally contain the same meaning.

A. The history of intelligence in psychology

The term Intelligence comes from English ‘Intelligence‘ and Latin which is ‘Intellectus / Intelligentia / Intellegere‘ which means to understand, connect or unite with one another. Based on the history of intelligence in psychology, the first figures to state their theory of intelligence are Spearman and Wynn Jones Pol who in 1951 suggested the existence of an old concept related to power that can complement the human mind and mind. According to the Greek language, power or 'Nous' and 'Noesais' (the use of force) complement the notion of intelligence in a language that is that intelligence is an activity or behavior which is an embodiment of the power to understand a thing. According to the understanding of the term, intelligence which is one's ability to think and learn, find solutions to problems, how to process things, and the ability to adapt to their environment. In psychology there is a term known as intelligence that can replace various terms related to human intelligence. Basically psychology is the science of behavior, so the history of intelligence in psychology if related to the term intelligence there are behaviors that require a lot of intelligence and behavior that requires a little intelligence. For example, to observe the flowers that grow in the garden, one can simply enjoy the beauty of the color of the flowers without the need for a high level of intelligence. It is different only if he will classify these flowers into their different names and types so high intelligence is needed in this case. There are two factors found in intelligence according to Spearman. Following are the factors:

1. General Intelligence

This factor is present in all intelligence in general with a certain level in the history of intelligence in psychology, for example certain talents acquired at birth. The characteristics of this general factor include the general abilities carried by a person from birth. It is constant and is used in every activity carried out by individuals. Then the amount is different for each individual and the greater the general factors in a person, the greater the possibility of success in life.

2. Specific Intelligence

This factor only exists in certain things, for example in someone who excels in a particular field. This factor is related to muscle nerves, memory, and exercise and experience. The characteristics of specific factors are as obtained and studied from the environment. Also specific factors that vary from one activity to another within the same individual The amount of content of specific factors in each person is different - different. According to Spearman, the genetic aspect influences more general factors and specific factors are more obtained through training and education. Both can sometimes overlap and look different in the history of intelligence in psychology, but it is very important to see how the ability of a person when moving from one situation to another situation.

B. Distribution of intelligence

The experts classify intelligence in several types, namely: Creative intelligence - That is the ability to create what is usually owned by inventors of new goods or is a breakthrough or innovation. Executive intelligence - This is the ability to see the thoughts of others and is generally shared by everyone. Theoretical intelligence - This intelligence belongs to scholars, students and theorists in general. Practical intelligence - In the form of the ability to act quickly and precisely in doing a particular job. To determine how smart or not someone can be done by conducting intelligence tests, which were discovered by Alfred Binet and T. Hendri Simon in 1904. This success is shown in various indicators, among others through the report card grades and so forth. Thus, intelligence is related to educational psychology. Source : https://rumus.co.id/