The Science of Spiritualism

Part-6: The Mystery of the Capability of Material Substance rn1. O The function and configuration of the universe has been an interesting and secretive subject for common people since eternity. In this respect, the philosophers have presented various views based on thinking processes but these are far from the truth and the reality (3). The universe is very vast and beyond imagination. In view of its vastness, it is not an easy task for knowing the exact process that is taking place. In fact (2) the existence of the universe is based on the presence of six kinds of substance. Of the six, four substance namely principle of motion, principle of rest, space and time are inactive. They are sitting at their respective space units and perform the purposeful action as an auxiliary cause where as soul and matter is active. They have thus a functional performance. The soul is invisible and matter is visible, which thus have got a special status. The association of gross matter makes Jiva visible which is present through out the cosmic space. All the substances stated above have their own energy and authority and do not intervene in the working system of others. Each substance is a cluster of infinite attributes. Their specific qualities are different from each other and are recognized from these special qualities. Some philosophers have stated that the existence of universe is a result of the presence of nine substances. These are soul, time, space, direction, earth, water, fire, air and mind. On the contrary, Omniscient Gods have told that the existence of universe is due to presence of six kinds of substance which are eternal. It means they are neither created nor ever be destroyed. They are neither less nor more. All the nine substances may come under the six substances, the analysis of which would be given later. The association between matter and soul has been since eternity and this causes the soul to roam in four types of modes (5). The roaming is cause of great irksome and disaster. All the visible things keep on changing from one form to another and it is a normal and natural phenomenon of the matter. Therefore, there is the necessity and the need to know and understand the basic nature of matter. The ancient word Pudgal is a unique terminology defining matter. Pud means fissions and Gal means fusion. Hence matter, which possesses the characteristics of fission and fusion, is called Pudgal which differs greatly from the other five substances. This is a visible substance and possesses the four basic characteristics such as touch, taste, smell and color. Thus, matter can be recognized by these characteristics. It has to be kept in mind that sometimes, all these characteristics may not be visible through senses. But if there is one, it can be guessed others also exist. All will be together. 2.0 Matter is of two types: 2.1 Atom: It is the ultimate freely existing smallest part of the matter that cannot be divided further. This part is invisible but possesses the above four characteristics and each has infinite attributes. Hence the atom is cluster of infinite attributes. In fact the atom is the purest form of matter and occupies an area of one space unit. rn2.2 Material cluster (Skundh): It is composed of bondage of at least two to infinite number of atoms. The matter possesses four basic attributes and each has a number of properties. As: 2.2.1 Touch: It is divided into eight types such as hot-cold, smooth-rough, light-heavy, soft-hard.rn2.2.2 Taste: It is divided into five types such as pungent, bitter, salty, acid, and sweet.rn2.2.3 Color: It is divided into five types such as black, blue, red, yellow, white.rn2.2.4 Smell: It is divided into two types such as sweet and foul smell. Considering the sub-types of basic qualities, the matter then possesses the 20 basic qualities which are not present in other substances. These 20 qualities are also present in Skundh but slightly in different modes. These qualities are contrary to each other and cannot simultaneously occur in modes at the same time. Leaving aside the touch mode for the time being, the rest three basic characteristics i.e. taste, color, smell are in force of which one quality of each characteristic occurs at a time that means one after another in sequence wise manner. The characteristic of touch also has contrary modes for example- Para 2.2.1rnAt a time only one property in a pair can occur. Both the properties cannot occur simultaneously. On the other side the bonding of atoms is an important requirement that meets both the properties of smooth and rough. Similarly the properties of cold and hot are required. The rest of the qualities i.e. soft-hard, heavy-light are actually like a type of diseased (Vicar) strength which are connected with the grossness. This way an atom always possesses five characteristic properties and these are two touch properties – any one from hot-cold, and any one from smooth- rough; any one from the five taste properties; any one from the five color properties; any one from the two smell properties. The rest four properties of touch are a functional disease which can exist in Skundh. The atom is always in pure form and no impurities are present but Skundh can have all the seven properties. In view of this relationship, it can be said that the heavy-light, soft-hard are not the basic characteristics of the atom but when various atoms of different kinds combine, the combination provides a third form. rnIt can be inferred that the two properties of touch characteristic come into action at a time in relative sequence wise as cold-smooth, cold-rough, hot-smooth, hot-rough. This way an atom has 4 touch characteristic properties together with each of the five taste properties in sequence. The total combination therefore becomes 4x5 = 20 types. All the 20 types of atom can have two properties of smell in sequence. Then the total atoms become 20x2=40 types. The forty forms of atom will also possess one each property of color characteristic. So the total combination of atoms will be 40x5=200 types. It has been said that the material substance has 20 special attributes and each attribute possesses infinite kinds of energy levels which keeps on changing. It means at any time that attribute will have infinite degree of energy level and next time it may have one degree energy level. Taking into considering each characteristic having infinite kinds of degree of energy level (in relation to increase and decrease), the total combination of types of atoms would be infinite-infinite types. So the varying degree of energy level in all the characteristics and their combination results in the formation of worldly things appearing. This goes on changing due to natural laws of substance hood and creates new things. 3.0 Common attributes of matter: Each substance possesses the following six characteristics: • Eternal existence is the property by which the substance was neither created nor may it ever be destroyed and maintains its eternal identity. • Causal efficiency is the capability of performing any purposeful action. For example, the purposeful action of a water pot is to store water in it. • Substance hood attribute is the property by which the substance keeps on changing. For example, the ocean keeps on changing its modes of waves but ocean remains unchanged. • Eternal persistence prevents the substance from loosing its own specific substance hood. For example, sugar never gives up its nature of sweetness. Sugar and sweetness are inseparable. • Objective attribute is the property by which it is knowable. • Space extension attribute is the property by which a substance occupies a certain area, that means has a specific shape. 4.0 Physical characteristics of atom: The atom occupies certain space, and hence a specific space. Omniscient Gods had said the atom shape is six-ton type, solid material. It has infinite energy and power. The area occupied by an atom is known as a space unit and such space units in Lokakosh (3) would be innumerable numbers where as the matter is infinite-infinite. There is one obvious question that how can such an infinite number be accommodated in the Lokakosh? As is known the atom is smallest particle which has no resisting power to obstruct others. It means if one atom sat in a space unit, the other atom can enter in the same space as the sitting atom will not resist the entry of others. This way a Skundh having infinite atoms but in fine state with no preventing power, can also accommodate in the same space unit. This shows till then the substance has no resisting power, any number can be adjusted. In addition to this, other substances sitting there have the accommodating power and further the space itself has this kind of power of provision to accommodate them. In fact impurities develop the resisting power at the rate of increasing degree of impurities. If this degree is low, the Skundh will also not resist. This can be understood by an example- considering a bulb emits its light in a room and at the same time 100 bulbs are also brought in. The first existing bulb already in the room will not prevent the light of other bulbs. The light of all the bulbs has entered and mixed with others. At the same time, each light is separate on its own. rnIn presence of auxiliary cause, the atoms join together and form Skundh and similarly, breaking of Skundh creates atoms. This kind of process continues even with the hard solid mass but an atom in pure form cannot stay alone. Conditions will be such that at least two definitely combine and be in the category of Skundh. In fact the atom is the principal cause and Skudh is purposeful output. The atom is pure and Skundh is impure, a result of functional decease which has many facets. Some philosophers have stated that the existence of the universe is the cause of presence of nine substances. Many substances can be brought under matter itself. The different forms of matter are the Vikari modifications. With this in view, nine substances are analyzed in terms of possessing characteristics of Pudgal. The analysis of earth shows that it possesses the four characteristics i.e. touch, taste, color, smell of pudgal. Hence earth is matter. Water is recognizable by three appearing characteristics- touch, color and taste which can be appreciated through senses. One is not sensed and hence water is matter. The two characteristics of fire i.e. touch and color can be recognized through senses and hence fire is matter. Air is recognized by one characteristic i.e. touch which can be sensed and rest are not sensed. Hence air is matter too. The mind materials are positioned at the right side of heart which is an auxiliary cause to soul for knowing things. Therefore mind material is also matter. The direction is the part of infinite space. Therefore, earth, water, fire, air, mind and are all present in matter. In all the cases, the basic atom is same. The formation of Skundh as earth etc is the result of association of basic atoms. From the basic atoms all kind of different and new things can be formed and this formation occurs by the increase and decrease level of degree of properties in atom attributes when an auxiliary cause is present. Therefore a whole line of products and also from one product to another, in the presence of auxiliary cause, can be developed. 5.0 Forms of matter: The formation occurs in atom as well as in Skundh. But some form occurs only in Skundh. The reason for modification is either an increase or a decrease degree in the space of the attribute. This happens due to the presence of auxiliary cause. In fact it is a Vikari form.rn5.1 Words: Anything heard by ears is known as word. To define the internal things in mind, jiva has the power of voice. The cluster of speech is the auxiliary cause in this function. rn5.2 Shape: Various kinds of shapes are possible only in material substance. Some shapes can be given a name, which are of two type- one stable and other non-stable.rn5.3 Fineness: This is defined earlier.rn5.4 Grossness: It is also modification of matter defined in relative sense. This is visible.rn5.5 Bondage form: If two or more things join together it is known as bondage. They are formed in two types – one is natural such as fire, water, rain, electric lightening, rainbow etc and they associate with each other. And other by effort such as two solid things joined together by external means. The bonding occurs due to the property of smooth-rough of touch characteristics. This way atom joins with other atom forming Skundh and similarly bonding occurs between Skundhs building a bigger form. Bonding process occurs in four ways- smooth-smooth, rough-rough, smooth-rough, and rough-smooth. The basis of bondage depends upon the undivided degree of energy. The energy of rough or smooth property has an important value in the modification of material output. If the degree of energy is one, the atom is considered to be inactive because it has no power of bondage as the energy is at the lowest level. However this energy does not remain constant as it keeps on changing due to permanency attribute. The change occurs from one degree to infinite degree. When the degree comes to a level of 2 or more, it becomes active and has a power of bonding. As per rule, two atoms of equal power can not join together. Further bondage will occur provided there is difference of energy between the two but it should also be within a limit which is a difference of 2 degree energy level. If the difference is more than that of 2 degree, again it is insusceptible to bondage. For example- atom having 2 degree energy will couple with the 4 degree energy level atom, 3 degree to 5 degree, 5degree to 7 degree and so on. As said the bondage also occurs between the opposite atoms having opposite properties i.e. rough-smooth. Under such circumstances, the atom which has low degree of energy will change its form into the form of high degree energy atom. The form of modification may be a third form other than the base.rn5.6 Type of Skundh: With any cause, Skundh breaks up into various kinds of different pieces. The difference in relative sizes of these pieces is known as types, which are divided in six. For example- stone powder to bigger pieces.rn5.7 Darkness: This is the reverse of light as it prevents the power of vision. In other words, the lack of light is known as darkness. This process can be explained as, the modification of light is going on, stops and at that time the second modification of matter i.e. darkness begins. It is the result of black color existing in the atoms. This is a subject of research.rn5.8 Shadow: Any visible material existing in the universe has a property to emit at every moment shadow rays which scatter all around. The shadow rays are influenced by the presence of other materials such as mirror, oil, water etc. The body is an auxiliary cause to prevent the light in two way system- the secondary image formation as in mirror and in other case, the resistance to light forms a secondary and a separate image similar to restricted body type. These are all the material modifications.rn5.9 Hot light (Aatap): The light which carries heat. Examples are the light of sun, kerosene lamp. All are material modification.rn5.10 Cold light (Udoyot): The light which does not carry heat but it is some what cool. Examples are the light of moon, jewels etc. All are material modification. 6.0 Type and sub-type of matter: In order to define the functional forms of matter in relative sense, it can be classified into six types.rn6.1 Gross-Gross Skundh: It is the solid mass which is visible to eyes. These can be cut or broken into pieces but these can not join together again unless an external material help is provided. As paper, wood, stone, mount, earth etc.rn6.2 Gross Skundh: It is liquid mass visible to eyes. It can be cut or parted into different forms and become one upon meeting each other without external help. As water, oil, milk etc.rn6.3 Gross-Fine Skundh: These are visible to eyes but cannot be parted and cannot be caught by hand. Therefore they are fine. As sun light, shadow, darkness, light etc.rn6.4 Fine-Gross Skundh: Those are not visible to eyes but can be sensed through touch, taste, nose, ears as air, voice, taste, smell etc.rn6.5 Fine Skundh: Those are not knowable through senses. As cluster of karman, word, mental things etc. rn6.6 Fine-Fine matter (Ultimate atom): The material particle that can not be divided further. 7.0 Types of Skundh Cluster: Bonding of atoms forms various kinds of Skundhs i.e. from the smallest to biggest size. There are many type of cluster formation of atoms which are given names. Many of them have the kind of atoms of undivided part. This way there are 22 types of Skundh which are differentiated on the basis of relative spaces in them.rn1. Numerable type cluster. 2. Innumerable type cluster rn3. Infinite type cluster 4. Matters endowed with associability rn5. Agrah cluster 6. Luminous bodiesrn7. Agrah cluster 8. Cluster of speech materialsrn9. Agrah cluster 10. Cluster of mind materials (Mano vargana)rn11. Agrah cluster 12. Cluster of karmic materialsrn13. Stable cluster of materials 14. Cluster of Santtar continuous materialrn15. Zero clusters of material 16. Solitary body clusterrn17. Stable zero clusters of material 18. Gross body Nigod clusterrn19. Zero cluster 20. Fine Nigod clusterrn21. Nayo cluster 22. Biggest cluster of skundh. rnTypes of skundh mentioned as 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 have important relationship with Jiva. In between these numbers like Agrah clusters have no relationship with Jiva. The no. 4 skundh has functional working for formation of gross body, protean body, conveyance body, and breathing. Luminous body cluster provides luminescence to the body. Cluster of speech works in the form of words. Cluster of mind functions in expressing the internal thoughts. Karman cluster functions in fine bodily form. It is interesting to observe that the influence of matter is clearly visible in one form to another in the whole universe. In the present time, the human beings on our earth are racing towards material world. It is because of the frequent addition of the new items in the market which become central point of attraction. The mind of human beings is so much influenced by such things that they make plans to have them all by any how. Humans are under stress. Further the body of Jiva is gifted by matter which Jiva tries to keep fit and beautiful. Not only this, the matter has obliged Jiva by providing useful things such as water, fire, metal, air, plants etc. Without them Jiva cannot live. The electric lightening that develops in the space is also a mode of rough and smooth properties of matter. The science states that the development of electricity is the cause of +ve and –ve charge which are due to protons and electrons respectively. Hence every matter has electric energy. The protons and electrons are also not free particles but are modification of neutrons and positrons. Atom being the smallest part of matter consists of infinite attributes. So the defined scientific words and the cause may not be modification of atom but can be the modification of Skundh. The subject of atom and its properties are fine-fine and it is not easy to know what is actually happening. It appears that the science is still in fluid stage to express the exact cause. Although research is on but the reality is far off. However electricity, a modification of matter, is an essential part of our life. The material modifications have introduced newer items which have puzzled the configuration of human mind who have now no time to think other than of this. This has caused unhappiness, worries and stress. In terms of spiritualism, these material things have not come with any one during birth and will not accompany while leaving the world. This is a hard fact then why is he involved? What is its value? Jiva gets different modifications and no modification is permanent. Whole life has been wasted in possession of all sorts of things which cannot help to upgrade his next modification. Therefore Jiva should know the truth and reality of the system. This is possible after the convergence of mind and concentration. First of all one has to shackle the power of matter prevailing around otherwise Jiva will roam in four realm of existence, a cause of great sorrows. The fundamental system of matter has been given in brief and it appears it is a store house of attributes with modifications. It means matter is a substance which has creation-destruction-permanency qualities. The Karman and Luminous bodies are two independent bodies and are the cluster of infinite atoms. These always accompany the soul even when leaving the present body. The change in Karman body is a continuous process which occurs due to karmas done. There is a set computerized procedure for the effect of karmas action. Accordingly, the Karman body is capable of forming the next body type. Hence the association of soul with Karmas is an important subject which changes the course of life. The enhanced knowledge can improve the up gradation of human to a highest level of Moksa. Before accepting the system, the first step is to decide the required aim of the life. It should be very clear. In absence of clarity of ultimate aim, one may not undergo the serious thoughts that would result in a failure. However a firm decision will lead to follow up for the right conduct, an essential requirement.