Treatment of Type I Diabetes

Treatment of type I Diabetes involves a wide range of things starting from insulin injections to other life style changes. Though Type I Diabetes cannot be cured fully, it is possible to maintain the sugar at a healthy level. If a patient maintains normal sugar level, he or she can lead a normal healthy life. But a diabetic patient always needs to follow the diabetic management plan to keep healthy.

Diabetic patient should learn about the disease and its management. This knowledge further helps him or her to lead a healthy life. Patients of Type I Diabetes need insulin injections to maintain the level of insulin and sugar in the body. Other lifestyle changes such as diet control, physical activity and prevention of other diabetic complications are also introduced in the diabetes management plan.

Insulin Injections

Patients of Type I Diabetes need insulin injections for lifetime for management of blood sugar. It should be taken only when prescribed by the doctor. Insulin lowers blood sugar by allowing it to leave the bloodstream and enter cells. There are various type of insulin such as Rapid-acting insulin, Long-acting insulin and Intermediate options. They are prescribed as per need. Some times doctors may prescribe a mixture of different insulin. Insulin is injected under the skin. There also comes insulin pump. This pump is placed just under the skin and delivers insulin all the time as per requirement. This cuts down the need of many injections. The doctor based on many facts such as when the patient exercises, when he or she is sick, when he or she is having more or less food and calories or when he or she is traveling adjusts amount of insulin taken.

Diet Control

Diabetic diet should be such that it provides proper nutrition, without unduly raising the sugar level. Patients of Diabetes should have a healthy and balanced diet plan. They should consume complex carbohydrates instead of simple carbohydrates to avoid sudden rise in blood sugar level. A diabetic diet plan is designed after taking into the consideration the age of patient, activity level, eating schedule and likes and dislikes of patients. Diabetic patients should take a fiber rich diet to keep the metabolism healthy. They should avoid food high in fat, cholesterol and triglycerides. They should have a good amount of Fruits, vegetables and whole grains. They should go for small regular meals instead of large and less frequent meals.

Exercise

Regular exercise also helps in managing Diabetes Type I. Aerobic exercise may improve body’s response to insulin. Exercise also helps to keep other functioning proper and reducing risk of cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and heart attack. But it is a little difficult to control sugar level in patients of Type I Diabetes through exercises, thus they need to undergo regular monitoring of blood sugar level. It may lead to drastic drop in sugar level. Patients of Type I Diabetes should carry snacks, water, and glucose tablets with them when they exercise. They should also have an extra snack before going for exercises. Checking blood sugar level before, during, or after exercise also helps. If done properly exercises help to maintain a healthy body weight, keep blood lipids and blood pressure under control and keep heart, lungs, and blood vessels healthy.

Regular Monitoring of Blood Sugar Levels

Regular monitoring of blood sugar level helps in better management of Type I Diabetes. It helps to keep check that when the patient is having high sugar level and why. It also helps to devise a better diabetes management plan. A device called a glucometer is used to check blood sugar levels. There is various glucose monitoring devices, patients can choose as per their suitability. It also helps to check body’s response to food, exercise, medicines, illness, alcohol, stress and hormonal changes in women.

Preventing Diabetic Complications

Patients of Diabetes Type I should be aware of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), high blood sugar (hyperglycemia), Diabetes diet, how to take insulin and how to check blood glucose. Diabetes may damage the blood vessels and nerves. Some patients may have small sores or breaks in the skin or some may have deeper skin sores or ulcers. To prevent diabetic complications patients may not smoke, avoid alcohol, and take care of their diet and physical activities. Some patients may need medications or treatment for preventing or treating other health complications such as eye disease, kidney disease, and other common conditions in patients of diabetes. Proper foot care, eye care and skin care also helps in avoiding certain health complications.
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