Your Best Defense Against the "D" Word

The "D" word stands for diarrhea and surely it needs no introduction. In the second of my series on probiotics, I explore how these friendly bacteria can do wonders "downrnthere" and help quell a case of the "D" word.

Versus Acute Diarrhea

Using probiotics for treating sudden cases of infectious diarrhea in children is well studied. Good-quality studies have shown that probiotics ("Lactobacillus rhamnosusr
GG," "L. reuteri," "L. casei," "Shirota," and "Bifidobactrium factis") shortened the duration of diarrhea caused by a virus. It seems, though, that probiotics are
effective only for rotavirus-associated diarrhea, and not diarrhea triggered by another virus or bacteria. This is the most common form of viral diarrhea in the world, andrnaffects children under the age of five mostly. It accounts for many hospital trips every year. Whatever the case, probiotics seems to work in relieving acute cases ofrndiarrhea in infants and children, although only certain kinds show this beneficial effect. Only "Lactobacillus GG" has been proven.

Versus Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

Antibiotics can cause up to 40% of diarrhea in hospitalized patients. And you thought they were supposed to do good! Well, they do, but a typical side effect is trouble in the gut.
One common culprit is "C. difficile," an organism that triggers the diarrhea episodes. Last decade, there were several large-scale studies on the effects of probiotics in this area. I've narrowed them down to the best six.

2002: A study finds that probiotics can be used to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea. "S. boulardii" and "Lactobacilli" are potentially useful.

2002: Seven trials totaling nearly 900 patients find a strong suggestion that probiotics are beneficial. While more studies are needed to prove a beneficial effect, two kinds stand out: "Lactobacillus" and "Saccharomyces." 2005: Four of six studies find a significant reduction in the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with "Lactobacillus." 2005: In five studies totaling nearly 1,100 people with respiratory tract infections, the probiotic "S. boulardii" reduced the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea from 17.2% to 6.7%.

2006: Taking 31 studies totaling nearly 3,200 patients, researchers looked at a number of probiotic combinations. Different probiotics showed promising results, while only "S. boulardii" proved effective for "C. difficile" diarrhea.

2006: In about 700 patients, those treated with "Lactobacillus" or "S. boulardii" at a daily dose of at least five billion bacterial units showed promising results. Future studies are needed.